Hip Replacement Surgery In Singapore

Hip replacement surgery, also known as hip arthroplasty, involves replacing the damaged cartilage and bone in the hip with metal implants and high-grade plastic components. This surgery helps relieve pain and restore function in patients with difficulty walking.

Hip osteoarthritis is the most common condition that requires a hip replacement. It is an effective and safe procedure that has helped many patients regain mobility and independence.

The surgical team will advise you on any pre-surgery evaluation tests or fasting that is required. Here is the step-by-step procedure for hip replacement surgery.

Total Hip Replacement (Direct Anterior Approach)

A minimally invasive technique for accessing the hip joint from the front.

Anaesthesia

Before the procedure begins, the patient is administered either general anaesthesia, which puts them into a deep sleep, or regional (spinal) anaesthesia, which numbs the lower half of the body. The choice depends on the patient’s health, preferences, and the surgeon’s recommendation.

Incision

A small incision, typically about 3-4 inches long, is made at the front of the hip. This approach avoids cutting through major muscles, which can lead to a quicker recovery and less postoperative discomfort.

Joint Exposure

Through the incision, the surgeon carefully moves aside the muscles without detaching them from the bones. This muscle-sparing technique provides access to the hip joint while preserving muscle integrity, which is crucial for a faster and less painful recovery.

Excision of Damaged Structures

The surgeon removes the damaged femoral head and acetabulum, the ball and socket of the hip joint. Any remaining damaged cartilage is also excised to prepare the area for the new implant. This step ensures that the new prosthetic components will fit properly and function effectively.

Insertion of Prosthetic Components

The surgeon then inserts the new prosthetic components. The artificial socket (acetabular component) is placed into the pelvic bone, and the new femoral head (femoral component) is inserted into the thigh bone. These components are secured in place using bone cement or a press-fit technique that allows bone to grow into the prosthesis over time.

Repositioning Muscles and Tissues

After the prosthetic components are in place, the surgeon carefully repositions the muscles and soft tissues around the hip joint. By preserving these tissues during the procedure, the direct anterior approach helps maintain muscle strength and function, facilitating a quicker return to normal activities.

Closure

Finally, the incision is closed using sutures or staples. A sterile dressing is applied to protect the wound and promote healing. Postoperative care involves monitoring the patient for any signs of infection or complications and beginning a rehabilitation program to restore mobility and strength in the hip.

Hip replacement addresses and eliminates hip pain from osteoarthritis. Some of these benefits include:

• Pain relief from hip pain
• Better hip movement and flexibility
• Improved walking
• Return to sport

After surgery, patients can stand and walk for longer periods. They regain their independence and are no longer afraid to travel longer distances. It allows patients to continue gainful employment without worrying about hip pain. For retired patients, the surgery allows them to enjoy their retirement and consider activities such as travelling abroad and participation in low-impact sports.

As with any surgery, a hip replacement surgery also has its risks. Although uncommon, it is possible to experience:

• Infection of the hip
• Damage to nerves and blood vessels around the hip
• Bleeding
• Stiffness
• Blood clots
• Hip dislocation
• Leg length discrepancy (unequal leg length)

What is Recovery Like After a Hip Replacement Surgery?

Patients will be able to stand and take steps within 24 hours after surgery. Most patients can be comfortably discharged 1 to 2 days after surgery. You will need a walking aid for the first 4-6 weeks as your hip gets progressively stronger.

With consistent physical therapy, patients can return to normal mobility within three months, and mobility will continue to improve afterwards. High-impact activities may not be recommended during the recovery, but low-impact exercises like swimming and walking can strengthen the joint.